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Racial differences in teen online habits

Written By limadu on Kamis, 09 April 2015 | 23.53

teens on phones

But a new report by the Pew Research Center reveals that black and Hispanic teens are more active internet users than white teens.

The study found that 34% of African-American teens and 32% of Hispanic teens report going online "almost constantly." By contrast, 19% of white teens say they go online that often.

Overall, the vast majority of teens (92%) report they go on line every day and more than half (56%) do it multiple times a day. The report defines teens as those between the ages of 13 and 17 years old.

Most teens are using mobile devices to get online. The report says about three-quarters of teens have their own smartphone or have access to one. Another 30% have a "basic phone," while only 12% of teens have no cell phone at all.

Related: Facebook Messenger is now a standalone web app

In terms of race, black teens are the most likely to have a smartphone. A full 85% of black teens report having access to a smartphone, while 71% of Hispanic and white teens have one.

The report also confirms what many already know about teens. They like to send text messages. A typical teen sends and receives 30 texts per day, according to Pew.

It's also no secret that teens are big fans of social media. But the report says girls are by far the biggest users of social media, particularly "visually-oriented" networks such as Instagram, Snapchat, Pinterest and Tumblr.

Facebook (FB, Tech30) is the social network of choice for teen boys. Likewise, boys are much more likely to play video games. A full 91% of boys have access to a video game console, compared with just 70% of teen girls.

Pew questioned 1,060 teens across the country in English and Spanish for the survey - which, it was also noted, was done online as opposed to the usual phone interviews.

Related: New Facebook app Riff lets you make viral videos with friends

Related: Facebook Scrapbook lets you tag kids, pets

CNNMoney (New York) April 9, 2015: 9:29 AM ET


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Shockingly small 'crimes' that can land you in jail

Because such minor infractions are considered misdemeanor criminal offenses in some cities and states, failing to pay a ticket for these crimes can trigger a warrant for your arrest.

Here's how it happens:

Let's say you get a speeding ticket. Typically, you're given a certain amount of time to pay the fine or challenge it in court.

But if you don't show up to the hearing or pay the fine, some courts will issue a warrant for your arrest -- placing you on the same list as alleged rapists, thieves and escaped prisoners.

Some local governments say the warrants are a last-ditch effort to get people to settle their debts. But critics say arresting people over unpaid fines for such minor violations unfairly impacts low-income and minority residents.

Related: Dogs killed over unpaid fines

In Ferguson, Missouri, for example, a Department of Justice report found that the city has almost as many active arrest warrants as it has residents -- and that many of these warrants stem from small, traffic-related tickets given to low income African-Americans.

But traffic tickets are just one of the many minor offenses that can escalate to time behind bars.

Cursing in public. Playing music too loud. Rollerblading. Parking too far from the curb. Leaving old appliances in the yard. These are just some of the surprising "crimes" that CNNMoney found in databases of arrest warrants from cities and counties across the country.

Here are the stories of four people who actually got locked up.

Catching an out-of-season fish

Unemployed and strapped for cash, Ionia, Michigan resident Kyle Dewitt was out fishing for dinner for his family in 2011 when he got slapped with a ticket. The offense: the then-19-year-old caught a type of bass that was off-limits during that time of year.

Dewitt disputed the citation with the officer to no avail and says he was later told that he would get information in the mail telling him how to pay the $115 fine. A few months went by and he still hadn't received anything, so he called to ask about it -- only to find out a warrant had been issued for his arrest.

kyle dewitt Kyle DeWitt with his family.

Confused and scared, he drove to the local jail and was put behind bars. He then borrowed $175 and paid a bail bondsman to help get him out. At a court hearing a week later, he was ordered to pay an even bigger bill -- $215 -- by the end of the day.

DeWitt, who was unemployed with a baby at home, said his fiance's mother offered to give him $100 of her Social Security benefits to help settle the debt.

He told the judge he could pay $100 the next day, and he could get the rest together by the following month. But the judge wouldn't give in.

"It needs to be paid -- all [of it]. Or you need to do jail [time] instead," the judge said, according to a court transcript. "Do you have a credit card?"

When he couldn't get the money, he was put back in jail. Originally ordered to serve three days, Dewitt was released early after the American Civil Liberties Union of Michigan intervened, arguing "it was unconstitutional for Kyle to be sentenced to jail for being poor."

The Ionia District court did not respond to a request for comment.

Skipping school

Frank Ward, from Baytown, Texas, says his grandsons were threatened with arrest after missing too many days of high school.

In Texas, missing 10 or more days of classes over a six-month period, or three days in four weeks, can result in adult criminal proceedings. While this offense is typically resolved by paying a fine of up to $500 (plus court costs), arrest warrants can be issued for those who fail to pay.

Related: The secret world of government debt collection

Ward says his grandsons couldn't get to school because of a bad family situation that resulted in more than a dozen moves in two years. That ultimately left the boys 20 miles from school, making options like the bus often unavailable, he claimed.

Ward didn't find out about the citations until his 17-year-old grandson ended up in jail for failing to pay fines that had ballooned to $950. The other grandson owed $360, but had not been arrested. Ward has since used more than $1,300 of his Social Security benefits to clear both boys' warrants, and is still angry that they ended up in criminal court in the first place.

In a recent report, nonprofit Texas Appleseed found that 80% of Texas students sent to court for missing school were low-income and, as a result, the "least able to pay the fines imposed by the court."

us map arrest warrant texas

Dogs that get loose

An 82-year-old widow, Mary Root never thought her beloved Chihuahuas could land her in jail.

But after the dogs got out of her yard a few times, she was hit with a $525 fine that she couldn't afford and a court hearing that she couldn't attend due to medical reasons.

The result? Two days behind bars and an even bigger $7,000 bill.

mary root Mary Root went to jail after her dogs got out of the yard.

While she was in jail, locals rallied in support of the great grandmother.

But Root isn't the only pet owner to face jail time. And it's not just a loose dog that can get people in trouble. Pets without licenses or microchips, or dogs that bark too much, are just a few of the pet-related offenses that can trigger an arrest warrant if a ticket isn't resolved.

Expired car registration

Tuscaloosa, Alabama college student Crissy Brown was driving to her job as a waitress on July 4, 2013 when a police officer pulled her over for expired car registration tags.

The officer looked her up in the system and found that there was a warrant out for her arrest. He then promptly put her in handcuffs and took her to jail. It turned out that the warrant stemmed from a prior unpaid ticket, also for her expired registration.

Already struggling to support herself and pay tuition, Brown said she would have had to work four shifts at her waitressing job to afford the $60 to renew her registration and the fines for the earlier $160 ticket.

Crissy brown Crissy Brown never thought she would land in jail.

After she had received that initial ticket, Brown had spoken with a judge and was given a second hearing. But when that hearing came around, she still didn't have the money and feared that if she showed up to court again she would be thrown in jail. So she didn't go.

"The rational thing to do seemed to be to keep a low profile until I could dig myself out of the financial hole I was buried in," she said.

But this only made matters worse. Because she didn't attend the hearing or pay the fine, her initial ticket turned into an arrest warrant.

Related: Debt collection nightmares

The Tuscaloosa Police Department said that she could have requested a payment plan had she shown up to that second hearing, but Brown said she was never informed of that option.

She spent eight hours in jail before her parents bailed her out. But when she was finally free, she had a whole other set of problems. Her car was impounded, costing her another $150 in fees. She lost her job for missing her shift because she was in jail. And she had another upcoming court date to worry about.

Nearly two years later, Brown has a full-time job and up-to-date car registration. But she's still bitter about the experience. "It only took 8 hours of incarceration to make me feel like I was criminal," she said.

CNNMoney (New York) April 9, 2015: 12:38 PM ET


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How startups are redesigning cities

shaun stonly Shaun Abrahamson, left, and Stonly Baptiste, cofounders of VC firm Urban.Us.

In the past, city planners, policymakers and real estate developers could safely assume that energy was cheap, water abundant and garbage could simply be moved away. There was no downside to burning more fossil fuels and we could keep adding everything from air-conditioning to more roads (and cars). Now we know this reasoning is not just wrong, but it threatens our future.

Today, cities are home to a little over 50% of the world population and account for 75% of greenhouse gas emissions. In the coming decades, people will look to cities to dramatically reduce their emissions, even as the urban population is expected to reach 6 billion by 2050 (up from 4 billion today).

These two macro trends inspired my partner Stonly and I to start Urban.Us. We fund and serve startups that make cities better in areas ranging from water and waste to personal mobility and energy-efficient buildings. Beyond capital, we're building an advisory network of experts, investors, customers and partners.

Why focus on startups?

While we see some progress in areas of technology and policy, we expect some of the greatest impact to come from startups. New technology companies are some of the few organizations capable of very rapid, efficient growth. They are able to attract talent and capital, and within half a decade they can reach 100 or more cities.

We think the biggest impact is going to come from personal mobility and energy-saving solutions. We've been exploring early-stage companies and mapped them according to their focus areas and end customers.

urban.us radar

If you look at the Urban Tech Radar, one of the most noticeable areas impacted by startups is mobility, specifically consumer-facing services. Changes in mobility were first led by firms like Zipcar and Car2go and then Waze, Tesla, Uber and Lyft. We're already glimpsing the next generation of solutions from private bus services like Bridj, Chariot, Leap, Skybus and Rallybus, and we're seeing an explosion of personal electric vehicles from electric bikes, boards and new devices like the Onewheel.

But what about really big infrastructure? How can startups take on problems of supplying cities with water? Or what about reducing energy consumption in buildings? These all require massive amounts of capital and have traditionally been the domain of municipal bonds (luckily there is a startup working to change municipal bond issues, Neighborly.com). But today, in each of these specific cases, we're seeing promising startups.

Here are three startups Urban.Us has invested in that we think have the potential to dramatically reduce the carbon footprint of our cities.

Rachio was founded just three years ago and is a already a top selling product on Amazon (AMZN, Tech30). It helps people reduce water consumption by as much as 30%, simply by removing their old irrigation controller and installing the Rachio Iro. Rachio will automatically adjust for changes in weather and seasonality and syncs to your smart device or laptop.

The EPA estimates that as much as 50% of water used outdoors is wasted, and Rachio has already saved over 31 million gallons of water. While it's easy to focus on building more infrastructure to support growing populations, Rachio focused instead on reducing demand. They're not alone in their aim to shrink demand and reduce waste.

Radiator Labs helps reduce energy use in inefficient heating systems, which are primarily found in pre-war buildings of the Northeast and Canada and account for 40% of heating systems. Since residents are unable to control the temperature, if it's too warm, they simply open windows. These antiquated heating systems are much too costly to replace, so a retrofit solution is the most cost effective.

Radiator Labs solves this problem by installing covers over existing radiators that allow you to control the temperatures. If it's cold, fans push the heat out; when the room gets warm, the heat is trapped inside.

The real innovation comes when an entire building is using these "cozies." Data from the connected network triggers an automatic shutdown of the boiler, vice versa when the temperature is too cold, resulting in a 40% reduction of energy use.

Blocpower matches energy retrofit projects with investors. Schools, churches and small businesses aren't always desirable loan candidates -- especially for expensive retrofit projects, even if they'd save on energy costs down the road. So Blocpower created a marketplace for those who want to invest in energy-saving products in financially underserved communities.

The "Bloc" of four or more buildings lowers the cost of retrofitting and spreads out the risk of default, making it economically viable to install solar and energy-efficient technology.

How we redesign our cities will have a significant impact on the world we leave to future generations. Their redesign must support a growing global population and curb climate change. Startups offer a path to quickly and efficiently test many promising ideas instead of debating them. We think we're just beginning to see the impact of startups on cities. They're approaching decades-old problems with new reasoning. And it's not a moment too soon.

Shaun Abrahamson is a co-founder of Urban.Us, a venture capital fund that invests in startups focused on urban issues like mobility, sustainable building, governance, service delivery and resilience.

Related: The most innovative cities in America

Related: These startups thrive on being unreasonable

Related: This cooler runs on water and sunlight

CNNMoney (Miami) April 9, 2015: 9:37 AM ET


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Boston Globe's calls to spare Marathon Bomber sparks outcry

tsarnaev death penalty The Boston Globe is calling for Dzhokhar Tsarnaev to not get the death penalty.

"Get sparky ready," wrote Sunday@1 after the Globe's editorial was published Wednesday. It was one of more than 100 comments in response to the Globe's editorial.

Tzarnaev, 21, was convicted on Wednesday of 30 counts for the 2013 bombing that killed four people, maimed others and both traumatized and infuriated Bostonians. The jury will soon begin the second phase of the trial to determine whether Tsarnaev should be executed.

Massachusetts abolished the death penalty in 1984. However, with this being a federal case the death penalty is an option.

The editorial board for the major Boston newspaper wrote that Tsarnaev should spend the rest of his life in prison rather than receive the death penalty.

"Even supporters of the death penalty should have some qualms about putting Dzhokhar Tsarnaev to death," the newspaper wrote. "Sentencing Tsarnaev to death would ensure endless appeals, substitute vengeance for justice, and risk letting him become a martyr."

Related: Tsarnaev guilty of all 30 counts in Boston bombing

"Tsarnaev was 19 at the time of the bombing; he was apparently a heavy drug user; he had no prior criminal record," the paper wrote. "By themselves, none of these would seem like a particularly good reason to spare him, but taken as a whole... they should plant seeds of doubt."

Skipper2115 wrote that he had been opposed to the death penalty "my entire life," but wants Tsarnaev executed.

"He placed the bomb on the ground next to a 8 year old boy and his family...He walked away with a smug look and bought milk!" Skipper2115 wrote.

Suprdav dismissed the argument that execution would make Tsarnaev a martyr. "Remember Timothy McVeigh? Me neither," he wrote, citing the Oklahoma City bomber who was executed for the 1995 blast that killed 168. McVeigh was killed by lethal injection in 2001.

Others, however, supported the Globe's argument that Tsarnaev should instead spend the rest of his life in prison.

"Execution is just too merciful, and too much publicity with all the appeals year after year," argued macsmart.

"He will be forgotten in prison. When was the last time anyone paid attention to Sirhan Sirhan?" wrote nj27, referring to Robert F. Kennedy's assassin.

The Globe also pointed out that the defense team for Tsarnaev argued that his brother, Tamerlan Tsarnaev, was the one who played the dominant role in the bombing.

"Tsarnaev obviously should spend the rest of his life in prison," the Globe wrote. "His defense has already made a good case that he does not meet the exceptionally high standards for a federal execution."

CNNMoney (New York) April 9, 2015: 11:25 AM ET


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Oops. Apple's diverse emoji turn into aliens

alien emojis

Apple (AAPL, Tech30) has launched the latest version of its operating system this week, making their emoticons available in six skin tones.

Tapping and holding on an emoji person brings up the new skin-tone variations, so users can chose the one they like the most.

But for those without the iOS 8.3. version, the new emoticon faces display as pictures of aliens instead.

Related: Siri speaks with a new voice in Apple's iOS 8.3 update

Pictures of male and female faces, thumbs ups/thumbs down, as well as other emoticons such as princesses and flamenco dancers are all affected by the bug.

Apple didn't respond to CNNMoney's request for comment on the glitch.

IOS 8.3 is currently available as a free download for the iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch. Other platforms, devices and apps will be updated to display the new and improved emoji.

Until then, sit back and enjoy the alien invasion in your Twitter (TWTR, Tech30) feed.

Related: Is emoji biased towards hamburger and pizza lovers?

CNNMoney (London) April 9, 2015: 11:27 AM ET


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A historic Summit of the Americas - Opinion

Isabel de Saint Malo de Alvarado Isabel Saint Malo de Alvarado (right) is Vice President and Foreign Minister of Panama

This week, Panama will host the Summit of the Americas, an important gathering of heads of state from throughout the hemisphere, first launched by U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1992. The first-ever presence of both Cuba and the United States, along with every other nation in the region, makes this Summit an historic occasion before it even begins. But beyond the breathtaking diplomatic opportunity the thaw between Cuba and the U.S. presents, there is much else on our agenda that deserves attention.

The overarching theme of the Summit is "Prosperity with Equity: The Challenge of Cooperation in the Americas." This could well be the rallying call of all nations in our region. How do we develop fairly and justly? How do we close the income gap? How do we give everyone a voice?

There is no doubt that Latin America is on the rise, economically. By 2020, Latin American GDP is expected to reach $10 trillion—double that of 2010—with 640 million active consumers. However, this prosperity has not been sufficiently and broadly shared by our people. That is where the demand for equality begins.

Equality is a necessity and a condition for the sustainable growth of our countries and for our peace and stability. While our countries are enjoying a state of economic growth, we know that stability can be jeopardized if we, as a region, do not attend the most pressing challenges our people face today.

Related: Everyone wants to go to Cuba now

Democracy in our region, for example, is limited by inequality, and therefore, to fight against these challenges is also to fight to strengthen democracy. It is the same for education, health, energy, environment, security, immigration, democratic governance and civil participation. These in fact comprise the key subthemes of the agenda.

Indeed, the presence of all nations at the table during the Summit means that we can put all the issues on the table, including human rights, democracy, and civil liberties. We are a diverse hemisphere, with lots of ideas and many voices on these questions. In fact, there will be a dedicated platform for civil society organizations at the Summit of the Americas in which citizens from all countries can freely discuss their ideas and concerns. This means everyone is at the table and everything is on the table.

The United States has much at stake in the discussions at the Summit, which will range from climate change to commerce. Indeed, the U.S. integration in the hemisphere is growing stronger by the day through our broad economic, security, and political cooperation. Panama, for example, is the fastest growing economy in the region and the expansion of the Panama Canal will enhance the importance of U.S. trade with Panama and throughout Latin America.

It is truly fitting that this historic Summit be hosted in Panama. The first meeting of Heads of State from the Americas was held in Panama back in 1956, in what is now the headquarters of the Panamanian Foreign Ministry. And just a year ago, we celebrated the 100th anniversary of the Panama Canal. This was, of course, an important historical event that transformed global commerce, but it also symbolically inaugurated what has become our traditional role in promoting dialogue between nations. This is precisely the role we wish to play at the Summit by bringing together a group of nations with far more in common than we are separated by. The participation of Cuba and the U.S. is the most powerful symbol of our need and ability to transcend differences and work towards a positive outcome.

It is undeniable that the time for the Americas has come. Prosperity is on the rise. By breaking down barriers and the old dividing lines, we can at last unlock the potential of our people. We can help lift them up. We can give them a stake in the stability of their countries and their neighbors. The precondition is equality. Our progress towards prosperity, equality and cooperation in the upcoming Summit will be the ultimate measure of its success.

Related: How Colombia went from murder capital to tech powerhouse

Related: Five reasons why Venezuela may be the world's worst economy

Related: The big picture behind Brazil's protests

CNNMoney (New York) April 9, 2015: 12:25 PM ET


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Clorox apologizes, deletes tweet after racial uproar

The tweet, which Clorox (CLX) since deleted, showed a Clorox bottle made up of the new emojis released by Apple (AAPL, Tech30) as part of this week's iOS 8.3 update. Clorox tweeted, "New emojis are alright but where's the bleach."

Apple's new iOS 8.3 release consists of 300 new emojis, including kissing lips, googly eyes and a smiling poop (we wish we were making that up). But they also include racially diverse emojis, including cartoon faces with brown and black skin.

In its tweet, Clorox seemed to be commenting on why bleach wasn't included among the hundreds of other household items that Apple had added to its list of emojis. But on social media, offense was taken.

"You need to clean up your PR person. Put some bleach on your distasteful marketing ideas," tweeted @DriNicole. "Black emojis were added today. Saying this implies you'd rather the emojis be only white, by adding bleach."

After taking down the tweet, Clorox followed up with an apology: "Wish we could bleach away our last tweet. Didn't mean to offend - it was meant to be about all the [toilet, bathtub and red wine] emojis that could use a clean up."

clorox tweet emoji

"We apologize to the many people who thought our tweet about the new emojis was insensitive," said Molly Steinkrauss, a spokeswoman for Clorox. "It was never our intention to offend. We did not mean for this to be taken as a specific reference to the diversity emojis -- but we should have been more aware of the news around this. The tweet was meant to be light-hearted but it fell flat."

Taco Bell launched a similar -- but far less controversial -- campaign earlier this year in an attempt to rally support for a taco emoji.

In a looming update to the emoji system (for non-Apple devices), a non-profit organization called the Unicode Consortium that regulates emojis among other computer text, is considering 37 candidates for new emoticons could be added as part of a code update scheduled for June.

The finalists include racially diverse emoji faces, a zipper-mouth face, prayer beads, a cricket bat and a taco.

But no bleach.

Related: Siri speaks with a new voice in Apple's iOS 8.3 update

Related: Apple's new diverse emoji characters

CNNMoney (New York) April 9, 2015: 12:25 PM ET


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Apple expects Apple Watch to sell out Friday

"We expect that strong customer demand will exceed our supply at launch," Angela Ahrendts, Apple (AAPL, Tech30) senior vice president of Retail and Online Stores, said in a statement Thursday morning.

Friday also marks the first day the smartwatches will be available for customers to try on at Apple retail stores across the U.S., and eight international regions: Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, and the UK.

Shoppers at the Galeries Lafayette in Paris, Isetan in Tokyo, Selfridges in London, and select authorized resellers in Japan and China will also be able to get a glance at the watches.

The Apple Watch is the company's first new consumer product in five years -- and its first since Steve Jobs died.

Apple relies heavily on a single product -- the iPhone -- for most of its revenue. Its latest device, the iPad, has had a slump in sales given the success of smartphones with larger screens, sometimes called phablets.

The question now is whether or not consumers think the Apple Watch is as revolutionary as the iPod or iPhone.

CNNMoney's Heather Kelly had a chance to try it. Kelly found the technology "fresh and exciting" but confusing at the same time. For example, the communications tools were "oddly fragmented."

In general, for the past few months, interest in Apple's first wearable device is abundant, especially in China, where knockoff versions are already being sold. But sales receipts for the real thing will tell the final tale.

Related: Hands on with the Apple Watch

The Apple Watch will come in three models. The cheapest -- the Apple Watch Sport -- costs $349.

The stainless steel model will start at $549 (38mm version) and $599 (42mm size). Prices will then go up to $1,049 and $1,099.

The high-end version, called the Apple Watch Edition and made from 18-karat solid gold, will range in price from $10,000 to $17,000.

CNNMoney will cover the unveiling on Friday from Apple stores in London and New York.

Follow CNNTech on the Periscope app for live shots and a discussion.

Related: 13 things to know about the Apple Watch

CNNMoney (New York) April 9, 2015: 12:30 PM ET


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These federal building janitors say they're owed back pay

sonia chavez good jobs nation Janitor Sonia Chavez (red bandana) and her husband, Anibal (center) with their three children. Both of them clean the office of the Secretary of Education and are fighting to get back pay they were entitled to receive.

That's according to a formal complaint filed Thursday with the Labor Department by a group called Good Jobs Nation, which represents low-wage workers employed by federal contractors.

The janitors are among dozens of workers -- including grounds keepers and bus drivers -- who say they are routinely denied the pay and time off they are entitled to under federal law. They work for businesses under contract with federal agencies such as the Department of Education, the National Zoo and the Park Service.

One janitor, Sonia Chavez, said she and her husband clean Duncan's office every week night.

"The secretary likes to talk about a race to the top in education, but what about a race to the top in wages," Chavez told reporters, speaking through a translator.

Chavez said her family struggles to make ends meet and regularly receives eviction notices.

"If we were getting paid what we should be, we could give our kids the supplies they need for school and perhaps save enough to send them to college," she said.

At issue is the 1965 Service Contract Act, which requires federal contractors to pay their employees a certain minimum wage depending on their occupation and location.

More recently, President Obama signed an executive order last year requiring businesses with new or renewed federal contracts to pay their minimum wage workers $10.10 an hour starting this year.

Related: Home health care workers sue employers for back pay

The advocay group Good Jobs Nation says violations of these rules are "rife both in Washington DC and throughout the country." It calls on federal agencies "to take meaningful responsibility for enforcing the letter and the spirit" of the act and other rules Congress has passed to protect low-wage workers.

George Faraday, policy director for Good Jobs Nation, said the laws designed to protect people who work at federal contractors are "routinely flouted right under the noses of those charged with policing them."

In total, the D.C. workers say they are owed more than $1.5 million in unpaid wages.

The group says pay stubs of nine janitors working nights at the Education Department headquarters in Washington, D.C., shows they were paid between $9.10 and $9.65 per hour and received no paid vacations days.

Under the law, the workers should have been paid $11.83 per hour and they were entitled to benefits such as 10-days of paid holidays, and up to four weeks of paid vacation depending length of service.

The workers are employed by Sabree Inc., which says on its website that has a contract to provide custodial services at the DOE's headquarters, known as the Lyndon B. Johnson Building. (Coincidentally, the Service Contract Act was signed into law as part of President Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty.)

department of education building

Related: McDonald's gives workers a raise, but is criticized for not going far enough

However, Good Jobs Nation believes that Sabree subcontracted with a shell company, Ace Janitorial Svcs, in order to avoid paying the legally required wages.

Sabree did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

The complaint also says at least four workers who picked up trash and shoveled snow at the National Zoo were paid less than the mandated rate for groundskeepers.

Those workers are employed by Friends of National Zoo, a non-profit group under contract with the Smithsonian Institution.

As many as 35 bus drivers working for a tour company that contracts with the National Park Service and Department of Interior are also entitled to unpaid wages, according to the complaint.

The Department of Education, the Park Service and the Smithsonian did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

Related: Low-wage workers plan major strike

Related: Minimum wage since 1938

Related: 2014 minimum wage, state by state

CNNMoney (New York) April 9, 2015: 12:32 PM ET


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Walgreens shutters 200 U.S. stores

walgreens

The company, now known as Walgreens Boots Alliance (WBA), said the store closings will allow a more aggressive cost-cutting plan, as it aims to reduce expenses by $1.5 billion over three years. It had previously set a $1 billion cost cutting target.

Walgreens is the largest U.S. drugstore chain by locations, with slightly more outlets than rival CVS, although it trails CVS in sales.

The chain has been adding stores more frequently than it has closed them in recent years. It has 8,232 U.S. stores spread across all 50 states. In addition to the overseas move to buy Alliance Boots for $5.3 billion, it also spent $1.1 billion to buy the Duane Reade chain of pharmacies, which it still operates under that separate name, a deal that brought in 257 stores in New York City.

But closings have become a growing trend in the retail sector as brick-and-mortar stores face growing competition from online outlets. Even traditional chains are trying to respond to more sales shifting online.

Beyond the store closings announced as part of the bankruptcies of RadioShack and Wet Seal, other chains that have announced recent closing plans include Staples, Office Depot and Sears.

Walgreens said plans for closings are still being finalized and no time frame has been set for when the closings will occur.

CNNMoney (New York) April 9, 2015: 12:42 PM ET


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